University of Sistan and Baluchestan Journal of Historical Researches of Iran and Islam 2345-2099 16 31 2022 12 22 Historical study of religious and political schools of thought in Saravan in contemporary times Historical study of religious and political schools of thought in Saravan in contemporary times 244 266 6931 10.22111/jhr.2022.39486.3220 FA Mahdi Khalili PhD student of Islamic History Faculty, Human Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Torbat Heydarieh branch, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran Mohammadali Alizade Assistant Professor, Department of History of Civilization and Islamic Nations, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran Department of History of Islamic Civilizations and Nations, Torbat Heydarieh Branch, University Journal Article 2022 01 19 The proximity of Saravan city to the Indian subcontinent and influence from the eastern lands of Iran has made Saravan the source of cultural developments based on Sufism. Also, the role of Sunni Hanafi scholars in the political developments of the border regions of eastern Iran and the Indian subcontinent is undeniable. Deoband school is responsible for the biggest contribution of this role-playing. After the spread of this school among the Sunni community, Hanafi Muslims were most influenced by it. On the other hand, the existence of religious schools influenced by Afghanistan and India has introduced Saravan as an important base of Sufism in the past ages. The maturity of the Deoband school in Saravan has been the source of extensive cultural developments in eastern Iran for eighty years ago. The emergence of different schools such as Barilvi, Jamaat Tabligh, Maududi, Muslim Brotherhood and Salafi in this city is proof of the growth of religious activity in this region. Considering the diversity of Islamic sects and religions in Saravan, what is prescribed should be discussed in this article; Examining the status of Saravan's cultural and religious developments in the past two hundred years, as well as expressing the factors affecting these political and cultural developments and analyzing the role of Muslim scholars in the growth and diversity of Saravan's cultural and religious differences, the most effective method of studying these questions and approving the findings and results of the research is the descriptive method. The analysis is based on sources, documents and oral data through interviews. The proximity of Saravan city to the Indian subcontinent and influence from the eastern lands of Iran has made Saravan the source of cultural developments based on Sufism. Also, the role of Sunni Hanafi scholars in the political developments of the border regions of eastern Iran and the Indian subcontinent is undeniable. Deoband school is responsible for the biggest contribution of this role-playing. After the spread of this school among the Sunni community, Hanafi Muslims were most influenced by it. On the other hand, the existence of religious schools influenced by Afghanistan and India has introduced Saravan as an important base of Sufism in the past ages. The maturity of the Deoband school in Saravan has been the source of extensive cultural developments in eastern Iran for eighty years ago. The emergence of different schools such as Barilvi, Jamaat Tabligh, Maududi, Muslim Brotherhood and Salafi in this city is proof of the growth of religious activity in this region. Considering the diversity of Islamic sects and religions in Saravan, what is prescribed should be discussed in this article; Examining the status of Saravan's cultural and religious developments in the past two hundred years, as well as expressing the factors affecting these political and cultural developments and analyzing the role of Muslim scholars in the growth and diversity of Saravan's cultural and religious differences, the most effective method of studying these questions and approving the findings and results of the research is the descriptive method. The analysis is based on sources, documents and oral data through interviews. https://jhr.usb.ac.ir/article_6931_9b05b482f5657fa19f0538f7c71c7407.pdf