University of Sistan and Baluchestan Journal of Historical Researches of Iran and Islam 2345-2099 17 32 2023 04 08 Interaction and confrontation of urban dwellers, Mountain dwellers and desert dwellers in Qazvin of the Seljuk period Interaction and confrontation of urban dwellers, Mountain dwellers and desert dwellers in Qazvin of the Seljuk period 275 294 7196 10.22111/jhr.2022.40230.3266 FA Bagher Ali Adelfar Associate Professor, Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Imam Khomeini International University. Qazvin. Iran. Amir Hossein Hatami Assistant Professor of the History Department of Imam Khomeini International University. Qazvin. Iran. Journal Article 2022 10 14 Throughout history, Qazvin and its surrounding areas have always been the target of migration and movement of different socio-economic groups due to the three geographical and climatic conditions (mountains, cities, and plains) and the establishment of the highway of east-west and north-south of Iran and the intersection of communication routes. In the 4th and 5th centuries, the historical developments of the Eastern lands of the Islamic Caliphate based on this geographical and climatic situation, caused the presence of Turkish nomads in addition to the mountaineers and city dwellers of this region. This issue gradually brought about significant changes in the general situation of Qazvin. Therefore, Qazvin during the Seljuk era witnessed the interaction and confrontation of three groups in terms of political and socio-economic aspects: city dwellers, mountain dwellers, and desert wanderers. Therefore, in the leading article, an attempt is made to answer the main question of how these three groups interacted with each other and what effect it had on the public atmosphere of the city while exKeywords: Qazvin, Seljuqs, urban dwellers, mountain dwellers, desert wanderers. Throughout history, Qazvin and its surrounding areas have always been the target of migration and movement of different socio-economic groups due to the three geographical and climatic conditions (mountains, cities, and plains) and the establishment of the highway of east-west and north-south of Iran and the intersection of communication routes. In the 4th and 5th centuries, the historical developments of the Eastern lands of the Islamic Caliphate based on this geographical and climatic situation, caused the presence of Turkish nomads in addition to the mountaineers and city dwellers of this region. This issue gradually brought about significant changes in the general situation of Qazvin. Therefore, Qazvin during the Seljuk era witnessed the interaction and confrontation of three groups in terms of political and socio-economic aspects: city dwellers, mountain dwellers, and desert wanderers. Therefore, in the leading article, an attempt is made to answer the main question of how these three groups interacted with each other and what effect it had on the public atmosphere of the city while exKeywords: Qazvin, Seljuqs, urban dwellers, mountain dwellers, desert wanderers. https://jhr.usb.ac.ir/article_7196_e435de5729c51997d65ab03377ed5501.pdf