Theological Relations between Iraqi and Iranian Scholars in the Age of Oljaito (Case Study: Relations between Allamah Hilli and his Son Fakhr al-Muhaqqeen and Khwaja Rashid al-Din Fadlallah Hamadani)

Articles in Press

Author

Faculty member of the Islamic Studies Department, Shahid Beheshti University

Abstract

The cultural and scientific relationship between the two countries of Iran and Iraq after Islam has always been an outstanding example of religious coexistence and cultural affinity. One of the most obvious manifestations of this relationship can be seen in the presence of Allameh Helli (1250- 1326) and his son Fakhr al_Muhaqqeeq (1283 – 1369) in Iran and their exemplary two_way relationship with the minister of the Ilkhanids, Khwaja Rashid Al_Din Fazlullah Hamedani.(1250- 1318) These are Shiite jurists and theologians from the Iraqi city of Hellah, and Khawaja,an Iranian philosopher and thinker, of Jewish origin who converted to Islam and followed the Sunnis. Despite such differences, nothing has ever been exchanged between them except respect and devotion, both in their presence and absence.

The present article explores this two_way relationship by researching surviving manuscripts as well as some of their published works, and shows that it should always be considered as an excellent and complete example for cultural dialogue and understanding in the present era.

The present article has followed the evidence of this good relationship by relying on such things as: questions and answers exchanged between these scholars, recording each other's thoughts in Arabic and Persian, participating in each other's study sessions, using expressions full of respect for each other, and providing financial assistance to each other.

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Journal of Historical Researches of Iran and Islam

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 14 November 2025

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History

  • Receive Date: 15 November 2024
  • Revise Date: 10 November 2025
  • Accept Date: 14 November 2025

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